Bill and John have been involved in a motor vehicle collision that only involved two motor vehicles. Bill sues John in state court for negligence, where both admit that a blue car hit Bill's sedan and that John was driving the blue car that hit Bill's sedan. The case is tried before a judge, that is, there is no jury, and the judge rules that an unidentified maroon minivan hit Bill's sedan and, therefore, John is not liable. Bill appeals to the appellate court. How is the appellate court likely to rule?

Mary, who lives in California, has received a decision by the United States District Court for Iowa and does not agree. In most cases, where may Mary appeal the decision?