Question 1

Assume that, in 2005, the Supreme Court rules that, under the equal protection clause of the Fourteenth Amendment to the Constitution, a federal agency may not designate a men's or women's restroom without also designating an equal restroom for the other gender. In 2006, Congress passed a law requiring that all national parks designate 3 women's restrooms for every 2 men's restrooms. Since these 2 rules contradict each other...

The Supreme Court's ruling will prevail, because it is based on the Constitution.

The Supreme Court's ruling will prevail, because Congress can never overrule the Supreme Court.

Congress' rule will prevail, because it came after the Supreme Court's ruling.

Congress' rule will prevail, because statutory law triumphs over case law.

Question 2

Decisions from the federal district course for the Southern District of New York can be appealed to the federal Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit. Which of the following authority is binding on a federal judge presiding over a case in a federal district court for the Southern District of New York?

A decisions handed down by another federal district court in the Southern District of New York.

A decision handed down by the federal Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit.

A New Jersey state statute that discussed the issue at hand.

All of the above.